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The Honolulu Advertiser

Posted on: Monday, September 13, 2004

Breast cancer relapse rates down

 •  Chart (opens in new window): Breast cancer mortality rates by ethnicity, 1980-2000

By Robbie Dingeman
Advertiser Health Writer

A new Honolulu cancer study shows a very low rate of breast cancer relapse among nearly 900 women — most of them of Japanese ancestry — who were treated locally from 1990 to 2001.

Dr. Mark Kanemori and Maria Prygrocki studied cancer patients who were treated at Kuakini Medical Center. They found a very low rate of breast cancer relapse among nearly 900 women — most of them of Japanese ancestry — who were treated locally from 1990 to 2001.

Bruce Asato • The Honolulu Advertiser


Sandra Kiyuna, 78, is a cancer survivor who watches her diet and meets with a support group. She hasn't had a recurrence in 5 years.

Eugene Tanner • The Honolulu Advertiser

The 12-year study notes that the treatment for breast cancer during this time had shifted from a standard of removing significant amounts of breast tissue to far less radical surgery that resulted in similar high survival rates. The study is scheduled to appear in an international medical journal.

The principal author of the study is Dr. Mark Kanemori, a radiation oncologist at Kuakini Medical Center, where the patients were treated with lumpectomy and radiation therapy. He said the six-year rate of relapse was less than 1 percent, while other studies have shown a relapse rate that ranges from 2 percent to 16 percent.

Kanemori said 74 percent of the patients treated in this study were of Japanese ethnicity. He hopes the results will spark more studies into ethnicity and cancer.

"It really deserves further research," Kanemori said, which he hopes can be done in Hawai'i. "For studying effects of ethnicity on cancer, there's no better place in the world."

One of those who was treated for breast cancer at Kuakini during the study without relapse is Sandra Kiyuna.

The 78-year-old Honolulu resident got her diagnosis in 1998 and reached her five-year milestone without a recurrence last August. She was happy to hear about the promising news in the cancer study and believes early detection through regular tests contributed to it.

She watches her diet, reads up on the disease and continues to meet monthly with her support group.

Last fall, she joined others in the Susan B. Komen Race for the Cure, which raises breast cancer awareness and celebrates survivors. She walked in the 5K event and said although it made her shins hurt, it was worth it.

"I ached for two days," Kiyuna said. "But it made me feel good."

Tips on detecting breast cancer

• Get an annual clinical breast examination in a doctor's office.

• Get an annual mammogram after age 40.

• A monthly breast self-exam is also recommended by many health officials.

For more information, call the American Cancer Society at (800) ACS-2345. Next month is Breast Cancer Awareness Month and community awareness events are planned.

Various Web sites offer more information. They include:

Source: American Cancer Society/Kuakini Medical Center

Researcher Marc Goodman of the Cancer Research Center of Hawai'i, part of the University of Hawai'i, serves as principal investigator of the Hawai'i Tumor Registry, which tracks cancer cases statewide. He said the data from Kuakini are interesting but not startling when compared to the overall death rates for breast cancer for women of Japanese ethnicity.

"It's not a unique finding," Goodman said. "I would suspect that some of the other hospitals have similar experiences."

He said other studies have indicated that both Japanese and Caucasian women do better than other ethnic groups and that Caucasian women here do better than white women on the Mainland, suggesting that some of the factors may have to do with Hawai'i's environment.

Goodman said researchers caution against putting too much value on any study based on only a single hospital's data. Sometimes community hospitals come up with more impressive statistics than specialty hospitals that may attract the most difficult cases.

He said the center is working to further probe the effects of diet and would also look at education and other socio-economic factors.

Kanemori's co-author is Maria Prygrocki (pronounced pre-grocky), who manages the cancer registry at Kuakini and is a breast cancer patient, whose results are included in the study data as well.

Prygrocki, 54, was diagnosed in 1999 after she found a lump a little bigger than a pea high on her chest. She said the cancer didn't turn up in her mammogram so she recommends both the regular mammogram and exam as well as monthly breast self-examination. "Doing one is never enough," she said.

This year, she had a recurrence of the cancer and is now undergoing hormone therapy to try to stop the spread of the disease. Despite the medical setback, Prygrocki remains positive about treatment, reads constantly about the latest in treatment and stays active in a support group.

She urges women to seek treatment as soon as they suspect a problem. "So many women are more afraid of the treatment than of the cancer."

Dr. Stephen Jiang, director of health initiatives of the American Cancer Society, said the study shows impressive survival rates for women who have breast cancer removed through less radical surgery, which he believes sends a message of hope to women diagnosed with the disease.

Jiang said advances in treatment are improving the cancer survivors' overall quality of life. Compare that to the 1970s when "they were removing women's chests entirely for a small lump."

He said further research needs to delve more deeply into the survivors' lives and habits. "What generation of Japanese women are these?" he asked. Do they eat a traditional lower-fat Japanese diet? "Are they a second- or third-generation woman with a more sedentary lifestyle and more access to fast food?"

Reach Robbie Dingeman at rdingeman@honoluluadvertiser.com or 535-2429.