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The Honolulu Advertiser

Posted on: Friday, March 25, 2005

HAWAI'I GARDENS
Jade vines thrive on gentle treatment

By Heidi Bornhorst

Q. When does blue or green jade usually bloom? It is my favorite old-fashioned kind of classic lei. The color is so unique. How do I get a plant?

— T.S., Pearl City

A. Green or blue jade (Strongylodon lucidus) usually blooms around March. This year, we were treated to some early-blooming ones. They have long flower spikes with well-grown jade flowers. Jade vines are in the bean family, Fabaceae.

Jade vines are less common in the Islands than they used to be.

Heidi Bornhorst

One secret with this plant is to never prune it back (as you can so freely with most any other tropical vine). They are very sensitive and hard to get going. Even an over-robust weeding with tools can cause injury in the root zone or even kill this choice flowering vine. Fertilize the soil generously and have a light hand with your horticulture and the vine can flourish for many years.

We don't see this wonderful vine around here much today. Perhaps this is due to lots of over-vigorous, power-driven yard "maintenance."

The best green jade plants are grown from seed. Seed-grown plants will have the strongest and most vigorous root system. However, jade doesn't always set seed in Hawai'i, so we usually try to root it from cuttings. It is not easy to root and requires expertise in propagation.

Try to find a plant at your garden shop or at a plant sale by a botanical garden. Waimea Arboretum's David Orr had some seed-grown ones at a benefit plant sale a few years back, and akamai gardeners scooped them right up.

What's in bloom

Plumerias or pua melia still have that "naked antler" look, but now some of the earlier-blooming cultivars are full of buds and flowers. I really like plumerias at this time of year, when the flowers are boldly displayed on the stubby, leafless branches. Their spots of color perk up dark and dreary rainy days.

Of course, some plumerias never really stopped blooming or bearing leaves despite the odd weather pattern of the past couple of years. I sometimes feel like a broken record, but plants in Hawai'i gardens are blooming earlier in spring.

There are numerous species of coral trees or erythrina that grow in Hawai'i gardens. The red-flowered Erythrina variegata are in bloom in parks, along streets and at schools all over the Islands. These are not native to Hawai'i and should not be called wiliwili.

Better names for this pretty introduced tree are tiger claw or coral tree. Erythrina works, too, and is not that hard to say.

The red E. variegata, which blooms for a short time in spring, is commonly planted in Hawai'i. There also is a white-flowered form of this species. See them at Kualoa Regional Park, Ala Moana Beach Park and the University of Hawai'i-Manoa or around the Capitol.

One of the nicest introduced species for landscaping is E. crista-galli, which is a native of the Amazon Basin. These flowers are often mistaken for red jade, to which the species is related, both being in the Fabaceae family.

Our native Hawaiian wiliwili is E. sandwicensis. It is a dryland forest tree and usually blooms in summer, and has a range of pastel flower colors (orange, apricot chartreuse, etc.); the seeds are bright red or orange. We should grow more of our native wiliwili in our Hawai'i gardens.

Heidi Bornhorst is a consultant on sustainable landscaping. Submit questions at islandlife@honoluluadvertiser.com or Island Life, The Advertiser, P.O. Box 3110, Honolulu, HI 96802. Letters may be published or distributed in print, electronic or other forms.