THE RISING EAST

By Richard Halloran

A South Korean journalist in Seoul last weekend asked the visiting U.S. Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice, a pointed question about how she coped with a bureaucracy staffed largely with white men.

Rice neither sidestepped the query nor brushed it away but took it head-on. She reminded the questioner that neither of her predecessors, Colin Powell and Madeleine Albright, had been white men, then asserted: "I'm a package, I'm black and female and me.

"I think I act as Condi Rice, and that's a person who is female and black and grew up in Alabama and lived in California and was a professor," she said. She noted that her ancestors had been slaves, but that "we're making a lot of progress in the United States." Rice concluded that her appointment was "a testament to what can happen in a democracy over time."

Throughout her first journey to East Asia as America's top diplomat, Rice showed herself to be tough-minded but temperate in public and patient in responding to the press. Many headlines focused on North Korea's nuclear ambitions, but Rice said: "I don't see it by any means as the central issue of the trip."

Rather, she said, the trip should "be seen in the context of what is evolving in this region as a set of relationships that are going to have to manage a host of security concerns." Rice, who was President Bush's national security adviser in his first term, seemed bent on establishing her credentials as secretary of state with leaders in Japan, South Korea and China.

The secretary was almost effusive on the U.S. alliance with Japan. In a speech, Rice addressed an issue important to status-conscious Japanese: "Japan has earned its honorable place among the nations of the world by its own effort and by its own character. That is why the United States unambiguously supports a permanent seat for Japan on the United Nations Security Council."

In South Korea, where anti-American and anti-Japanese sentiments run high, Rice was guarded as she tried to put a good image on the troubled alliance. With Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon standing beside her, Rice said: "We will continue to coordinate very, very closely" on ways to react to North Korea's refusal so far to give up its nuclear arms.

Rice sought to be upbeat on the contentious U.S. decision to reduce its forces in South Korea, which some South Koreans lament while others applaud. She noted the realignment would "return valuable urban land to the Korean people, while we continue to modernize the alliance."

What South Korean leaders said in closed meetings about differences with the United States was not disclosed, but Rice got an earful of South Korean thinking in questions from the local press.

South Korean reporters asserted that many South Koreans do not consider America an ally, that many thought the United States should make concessions to North Korea, and many wanted Rice to retract the accusation that North Korea is an "outpost of tyranny." Rice responded that North Koreans are "trying to change the subject. I'm not going to let them change the subject."

Several South Korean reporters asserted that the United States was encouraging Japanese military expansion, that the United States should not support Japan's petition for a permanent seat on the U.N. Security Council, and that anti-American and anti-Japanese feelings among South Koreans were connected. Rice reiterated her praise for the U.S.-Japan alliance.

In China, the emerging power of Asia, Rice was even more cautious. She said "U.S.-China relations have developed remarkably and in ways that would have been thought unthinkable a few years ago," but then laid out American differences with China.

She criticized a new law giving Beijing justification for attacking Taiwan, over which China claims sovereignty but whose people wish to remain apart. Rice reiterated Bush policy that this dispute must not be settled unilaterally.

Rice called on China to undertake political reform: "We believe that when China's leaders confront the need to align their political institutions with their increased economic openness, they will look around them in Asia and they will see that freedom works."

Without naming China, Rice brought up a longstanding irritant: "American businesses lose $200 (billion) to $250 billion a year to pirated and counterfeit goods. Innovation stimulates economic growth, but innovation will suffer without proper protection for intellectual property rights."

Amid this serious talk, Rice flashed a sense of humor. Asked whether she stood by an article she had written in 2000, Rice replied: "Never write an article and then go into government; people might actually read it."

Richard Halloran is a Honolulu-based journalist and former New York Times correspondent in Asia.