WASHINGTON — Federal Communications Commission Chairman Kevin J. Martin's ongoing fight with Big Cable has left him bloodied but still standing, say FCC officials, industry executives and public interest groups, and he may now spend the remainder of his tenure with fewer allies.

Martin has led the FCC since 2005. A Republican whose wife has worked in the White House, Martin could typically count on the support of the commission's other two Republicans while winning some battles with the commission's two Democrats.

But that changed over several weeks leading to a late-night, particularly contentious Tuesday meeting, following a cable industry lobbying effort and dissent within the commission.

The issue was cable regulation. In particular, Martin has taken positions against the cable industry, including attempts to regulate violent content.

Before Tuesday's meeting, Martin tried to convince his fellow commissioners that the cable industry had grown big enough to warrant tough new rules, which the industry opposed. The chairman used as his proof a single study, from an independent research company called Warren Communications, estimating the number of U.S. cable subscribers.

But other commissioners doubted whether the study was complete and even accused Martin of hiding evidence favorable to the cable industry.

The turning point came when Republican commissioner Deborah Taylor Tate, Martin's most reliable ally on the commission, bucked the chairman, saying at the meeting that his proposal "focuses heavily on the findings of one source, rather than the numerous sources our reports have included in the past."

Tate, who declined to be interviewed for this article, privately expressed outrage that she and other commissioners had to ask Martin for additional data on cable subscribers, according to a source close to her. Republican commissioner Robert McDowell also opposed Martin.

"The attempt to withhold critical FCC data is certainly raising a lot of eyebrows around town," Democratic commissioner Jonathan S. Adelstein said.

As a result of the rebellion, Martin backed down on the study, the commission passed a weaker set of cable regulations and the industry ended up with a big win, possibly sapping Martin of some clout. Now, before he can try to push through his next big initiative — relaxing a key rule that limits local media concentration — Martin faces a House committee this week and then a Senate committee prepared to ask tough questions about how he runs his agency.

In addition to commissioners Tate and Adelstein, key Republican lawmakers have expressed concern that Martin does not operate in the open, saying he does not allow the public enough time to comment on proposals and does not include fellow commissioners in discussions.

"It's hard to know what the team's supposed to do when the quarterback doesn't call huddles or plays," said one FCC official who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of continued contact with Martin.

Last week, Martin said he works to include his fellow commissioners and build consensus. As for the controversial Warren data, Martin said he included only that data because he thought it was the most reliable. He said he omitted other studies that showed cable had fewer subscribers than the Warren study as well as ones that showed it had more.