FRESNO, Calif. — The triple-digit heat wave that steamrolled across the country this week killed thousands of cattle and poultry and cooked crops in the field before farmers could pick them. And experts say consumers will help foot the bill.

In California, the nation's No. 1 agriculture and dairy producer, the temperature peaked at more than 115 degrees in late July, killing 16,500 cows. A million chickens and turkeys perished and countless peaches, nectarines, nuts and melons were destroyed.

As the heat plowed eastward, farmers in the Plains states and the Midwest also reported dried-out crops and lowered milk production.

"That's the humbling part about agriculture," said A.G. Kawamura, California's secretary of Food and Agriculture. "We're certainly vulnerable to a lot of factors."

Because California produce is shipped worldwide, shoppers in far-flung places will probably help pay for the $1 billion blow the heat wave dealt to the state's $33 billion agriculture industry.

"In certain areas you will see price spikes because of shortages," Kawamura said.

Keith Collins, chief economist for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, said there's strength in the size and number of America's farms, and while some prices may go up, the damage has not been catastrophic.

"You have to keep in mind that this is a couple weeks in a season, in a long year, in an industry affected by many factors," Collins said. "People may pay a few cents more for milk at the grocery store in the next few weeks, but overall it won't be drastic."

The most noticeable increase is likely to be on milk prices.

Production in California was 20 percent lower during the heat wave as the record-setting heat killed thousands of dairy cows, leaving farmers with piles of carcasses and creating a backup at factories that turn the dead animals into pet food.

The hot cows also ate less and produced less milk, even as farmers tried to cool them off. Some of the milk they did produce was so low in fat and protein, it was "just white water," one California dairy farmer said.

"The cows make the most milk when they're the most happy, so we spend a lot of money trying to make them happy all the time," said Dino Giacomazzi, a farmer whose family has operated a dairy in central California since 1893.

Farmers in the Midwest are using similar techniques to keep their cows cool. But Ohio farmers reported their animals have produced about 10 pounds less milk per day during the heat wave because of the heat, down from the usual 90 pounds.

The summer's swelter has also taken a toll on poultry.

California farmers lost about 1 million of the state's 30 million chickens and turkeys under last week's scorching temperatures, said Bill Mattos, president of the California Poultry Federation.

"Their profitability for this year is compromised," he said.

Georgia, the No. 1 poultry state, suffered minor losses because the temperatures were not as severe as in the West, according to the Georgia Poultry Federation.

The heat wave came at peak harvest season for fruit and nut crops in California, and farmers told of walnuts cooking inside their shells. But assessing the damage is hard because many farmers won't know how they fared until after the harvest is over, Kawamura said.

After several days of triple-digit temperatures, a cold front was expected to sweep eastward from the upper plains and to lower temperatures by Friday, according to the National Weather Service.

"U.S. agriculture is extremely big and extremely diverse," Collins said. "Some individual producers may have been hurt, but the sky is not falling."