They're America's other Baptists — the ones who appoint women pastors, work with theological liberals and line up more closely with President Carter than with George W. Bush.

Over the past 25 years, they have watched with growing concern as their conservative Southern Baptist brethren came to define that religious tradition for the general public.

Now these other Baptists, who are spread among many different denominations, are slowly pooling resources in humanitarian work and evangelism, hoping they can have a bigger impact.

Yesterday in Washington, two of the larger groups — the American Baptist Churches and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship — worshipped together for the first time. They plan to commission two missionary couples, who will represent both groups, to organize a national Islamic-Baptist dialogue to try to improve relations with Muslims.

"It is an effort to celebrate our common heritages as Baptist Christians and to affirm our commitment to work together more collaboratively," said the Rev. Daniel Vestal, national coordinator of the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship. "The Baptist witness is much richer and more nuanced than is characterized so often in the public square now."

In January, an even broader group of Baptists will host an Atlanta meeting "to speak and work together to create an authentic and genuine prophetic Baptist voice in these complex times," according to a joint document they issued called a "North American Baptist Covenant."

The covenant grew out of meetings of Baptist leaders organized by Carter, a longtime Bible teacher who severed ties in 2000 with the Southern Baptist Convention because of what he called its "increasingly rigid" creed.

At 16.3 million members, the Southern Baptist Convention is the largest Protestant denomination in the country. But millions of other Baptists have churches nationwide that are either independent or affiliated with smaller groups.

The Rev. Frank Page, the Southern Baptist president, has accused the covenant's drafters of promoting a "left-wing liberal agenda that seeks to deny the greatest need in our world, that being that the lost be shown the way to eternal life through Jesus Christ."

But organizers insist they do not want to create a new denomination or a political platform. Bill Underwood, president of Mercer University in Atlanta, and one of the main organizers of next year's meeting, said he hasn't heard "any discussion one way or another" about whether any presidential candidates will be allowed to speak at the assembly. President Clinton, also a Southern Baptist, is a supporter of the meeting.

The religious leaders who endorsed the covenant say their churches span a wide range of beliefs on issues both theological and political, and have diverse styles of worship. Many oppose abortion and gay marriage, but believe that the Bible's social justice teachings are just as important. The unity meetings also aim to bridge the divide between historically African-American and white Baptist congregations.

"We really haven't seen this kind of unity in Baptist life since the early 19th century," Underwood said. "The more we talk to one another, the more we realize that despite some differences we have on matters of theology, we can focus on the common ground."

The National Baptist Convention Convention USA Inc., and the Progressive National Baptist Convention — both predominantly black and heavily involved in the civil rights movement — are among the participants.

"I think it is possible for denominations not to be predominantly one racial ethnic group or another, but it's always hard work," said the Rev. Roy Medley, general secretary for the American Baptists, one of the rare U.S. denominations that isn't dominated by a single ethnic group. "Race is still the underlying great divide in our country."